Experiencing U.S. Expansion: Southern Arizona

1. What were the two broad groupings of Native Americans in southern Arizona when the Spanish arrived?

Broad Group 1   Name for Self:         O'odham      Spanish Name(s): Pima

Broad Group 2   Name for self:         Nnee          Spanish Name(s): Apache


2. How did the O’odham show their unwillingness to fully embrace the Spanish missions?


The O'odham showed their unwillingness to fully embrace the Spanish missions by a few of the tribe withdrawing themselves to the desert. These few members came back only when they were in need or on the course of their yearly migration.


3. Why did Apache groups raid Spanish settlements?


The Apache groups raided Spanish settlements because they needed supplies. They were not close to the Spanish, so they did not communicate. This led to the Apache needing new goods food and animals, which the Spanish had. The Apache eventually began to raid and steal from the Spanish. The Spanish were a good source of supplies for the Apache.


5. How did Spanish and Apache views of the peace created by the establicimientos de paz differ? 


The Spanish's views of peace created by the establicimientos de paz was that they believed they were in a period of peace. The Apache however believed that the peace was between the local bands and communities. the peace was maintained through obligation: the Spanish provided gifts of rations and the apache in turn provided military assistance.